Lesson.6 Health and Hygiene
Lesson.6 Health and Hygiene
I. Choose the correct answer:
1. Our body needs ______ for muscle-building
- carbohydrate
- fat
- Protein
- Water
Ans : Protein
2. Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of ________.
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin B
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D
Ans : Vitamin C
3. Calcium is an example of a ________
- carbohydrate
- fat
- Protein
- minerals
Ans : minerals
4. Bacteria are very small _______ microorganism.
- Prokaryotic
- Eukaryotic
- Protozoa
- Acellular
Ans : Prokaryotic
5. We should include fruits and vegetables in our diet, because _______.
- They are the best source of Carbohydrates
- They are the best source of Proteins
- They are rich in minerals and Vitamins
- They have high water content
Ans : They are rich in minerals and Vitamins
II True or False
1. There are three main nutrients present in food
Ans : False
Cu. An : There are six main nutrients present in food.
2. Fats are used as an energy store by our body
Ans : True
3. All bacteria have flagella.
Ans : False
Cu. An : Not all bacterial have flagella. Only, some bacterial have flagella
4. Iron helps in the formation of haemoglobin.
Ans : True
5. Virus can grow and multiply outside host.
Ans : False
Cu. An : Virus can grow and multiply inside host
III Fill in the Blanks
1. Malnutrition leads to _______
Ans : deficiency disease
2. Iodine deficiency leads to ______ in adults.
Ans : goitre
3. Vitamin D deficiency causes _______.
Ans : rickets
4. Typhoid is transmitted due to contamination of _____ and water.
Ans : food
5. Influenza is a ___________ disease.
Ans : viral (virus)
IV. Complete the Analogy
1. Rice : Carbohydrate :: Pulses :_____.
Ans : Protein
2. Vitamin D : Rickets :: Vitamin C : _____.
Ans : Scurvy
3. Iodine : Goitre :: Iron : _____.
Ans : Anaemia
4. Cholera : Bacteria :: Smallpox :_____
Ans : Virus
V Match the Following
| 1. Vitamin A | Rickets | |
| 2. Vitamin B | Night blindness | |
| 3. Vitamin C | Sterility | |
| 4. Vitamin D | Beri beri | |
| 5. Vitamin E | Scurvy | |
| Ans : 1 – B, 2 – D, 3 – E, 4 – A, 5 – C | ||
VI Complete the Diagram
VII. Write Short Answer
1. Write two examples for each of the following.
a) Food items rich in fat.
Food items rich in fat, meat, fish, egg yolk, milk.
b) Vitamin deficiency diseases.
Vitamin deficiency diseases: Night-blindness, Beri Beri, Scurvy, Rickets
2. Differentiate between carbohydrate and protein.
| Carbohydrate | Protein |
| 1. Energy giving component of the food. | It is body building foods. |
| 2 The sources of carbohydrate are nuts, fruits, rice and maze. | The Sources of proteins are pulses, soyabean, nuts, egg and fish. |
3. Define balanced diet.
A diet which contains sufficient amount of various nutrients to ensure good health is called as Balanced diet.
4. Why should the fruits and vegetables not to be washed after cutting?
We should not wash the fruits and vegetables after cutting because the minerals and proteins in the fruits and vegetables will also be washed away.
5. Mention any two viral diseases.
Common cold, small pox, polio are the viral diseases.
6. What is the main feature of a microorganism?
Microorganism will be seen with the help of microscope. They are very small in size.
VIII. Answer in details
1. Tabulate the vitamins and their corresponding deficiency diseases.
| Carbohydrate | Protein |
| Vitamin A | Night blindness |
| Vitamin B | Beriberi |
| Vitamin C | Scurvy |
| Vitamin D | Rickets |
| Vitamin E | Nervous weakness, dimming of eyesight |
| Vitamin K | Weakness of the bones, teeth etc |