Lesson.1 Vijayanagar and Bahmani Kingdoms
Lesson.1 Vijayanagar and Bahmani Kingdoms
I. Choose the correct answer
1. Who was the greatest ruler of Sangama Dynasty?
- Bukka
- Devaraya II
- Harihara II
- Krishna Devaraya
Ans : Devaraya II
2. Which was the most common animal depicted on the pillars of Vijayanagara Style?
- Elephant
- Horse
- Cow
- Deer
Ans : Horse
3. Who was the last ruler of the Sangama Dynasty?
- Rama Raya
- Tirumaladeva Raya
- Devaraya II
- Virupaksha Raya II
Ans : Virupaksha Raya II
4. Who ended the sultanate in Madurai?
- Saluva Narasimha
- Devaraya II
- Kumara Kampana
- Tirumaladeva Raya
Ans : Kumara Kampana
5. Name the Bahmani King who was a linguist and a poet.
- Ala-ud-din Hasan Shah
- Muhammad I
- Sultan Firoz
- Mujahid
Ans : Sultan Firoz
II. Fill in the Blanks.
1. _________ was the capital of Aravidu Dynasty
Ans : Penukonda
2. Vijayanagar emperors issued a large number of gold coins called ____________
Ans : Varahas
3. Mahmud Gawan used ______________ chemists to teach the preparation and use of gunpower.
Ans : Persian
4. In vijayanagara administration ____________ looked after the affairs of villages.
Ans : Gauda
III. Match the following
| 1. Vijayanagara | Ruler of Odisha |
| 2. Prataparudra | Astadiggajas |
| 3. Krishna Devaraya | Pandurangamahatyam |
| 4. Abdur Razzaq | City of victory |
| 5 . Tenali Ramakrishna | Persian emissary |
| Ans : 1 – D, 2 – A, 3 – B, 4 – E, 5 – C | |
IV. Consider the following statements. Tick (√) the appropriate answer.
1. Assertion (A) : The Vijayanagar army was considered one of the feared armies in India.
Reason (R) :-Vijayanagar armies used both firearm and cavalry.
- R is not the correct explanation of A
- R is correct explanation of A
- A is correct and R is wrong
- (A) and (R) are Correct
Ans : R is correct explanation of A
2. Find out the wrong Pair
- Silk – China
- Spices – Arabia
- Precious stone – Burma
- Madural Vijayam – Gangadevi
Ans : Spices – Arabia
3. Find the odd one out
| Harihara II | Muhammad I | Krishanadeva Raya | Devaraya I |
| Ans : Muhammad I | |||
4. Consider the following statements and find out which is/are correct
I. Turquoise throne is one of the bejewelled royal seats of Persian kings described in Firdausi’s Shah Nama.
II. The fertile regions between the rivers Krishna and Tungabhadra and Krishna–Godavari delta were the zones of conflict among the rulers of Vijayanagar, and Bahmani.
III. Muhammad I was educated at Multan.
IV. Mahmud Gawan served with great distinction as the Prime Minister under Muhammad III.
- i), ii), are correct
- i), ii), iii) are correct
- ii), iii), iv) are correct
- iii), iv), are correct
Ans : i), ii), iv) are correct
V. True or False
1. Harihara and Bukka were the founder of Bahmani kingdom
Ans : False
2. Krishnadeva Raya, who reigned for 20 years, was the most illustrious rulers of sangama dynasty
Ans : False
3. Alasani peddana was the greatest of all Astadiggajas.
Ans : True
4. Kingship of Vijayanagar administration was hereditary, based on the principle of primo geniture
Ans : True
5. There were 18 monarchs of the bahmani dynasty
Ans : True
VI. Answer in one or two sentences
1. The four dynasties of Vijayanagara kingdom with reference to prominent rulers of each dynasty.
Four dynasties, namely
- Sangama (1336-1485)
- Saluva (1485-1505)
- Tuluva (1505-1570)
- Aravidu (1570-1646) ruled this kingdom.
2. Battle of Talikota.
The sultans of Deccan kingdoms formed a league to fight the Vijayanagar Empire. The combined forces of the enemies met at Sadasiva Raya Talikota in 1565. In the ensuing battle, known as Rakasa Tangadi (Battle of Talikota), Vijayanagar was defeated.
3. The structure of governance in Vijayanagar kingdom.
- The empire was divided into different mandalams (provinces), nadus (districts), sthalas (taluks) and finally into gramas (villages).
- Each province was administered by a governor called Mandalesvara.
- The lowest unit was the village. Each village had a grama sabha. Gauda, village headman, looked after the affairs of the village.
- The army consisted of the infantry, cavalry and elephant corps.
4. five independent kingdoms of Deccan Sultanate.
Bidar, Bijapur, Ahmednagar, Berar and Golconda.
5. The educational reforms of Ala-ud-din Hasan Shah
Alaud-din Hasan Shah on his accession, took special care in founding a school to educate his sons and opened institutions for the purpose of educating the children of noble families in the art of soldiery.
VII. Answer in detail
Discuss the career and achievements of Krishna Devaraya.
- Krishnadevaraya who reigned for 20 years was the most illustrious rulers of the Tuluva dynasty.
- He brought under control the independent chieftains in the Tungabhadra river basin.
- The Bahmani sultan, Mahmud Shah, had been overthrown and kept in imprisonment by his minister. Krishnadevaraya freed the sultan and restored him to the throne. Prataparudra negotiated for peace and offered to marry off his daughter to him.
- Accepting the offer, Krishnadevaraya returned the territory he had conquered from Prataparudra.
- Krishnadevaraya, with the assistance of the Portuguese gunners, could easily defeat the Sultan of Golconda and subsequently take over Raichur from the ruler of Bijapur.
A Great Builder:
- Krishnadevaraya built huge irrigation tanks and reservoirs for harvesting rainwater.
- He built the famous temples of.Krishnaswamy, Hazara Ramaswamy and Vithalaswamy in the capital city of Hampi.
- He distributed the wealth he gained in wars to all major temples of South India for the purpose of constructing temple gateways (gopura), called ‘Rayagopuram,’ in his honour.
- He had good friendly relationship with the Portuguese and Arabian traders, which increased the Empire’s income through customs.
Patron of Literature, Art and Architecture:
- Krishnadevaraya patronised art and literature. Eight eminent luminaries in literature known as as tadiggajas adorned his court.
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