7th Std Social Science Term 3 Solution | Lesson.6 Natural Hazards – Understanding of Disaster Management in Practice

Lesson.6 Natural Hazards – Understanding of Disaster Management in Practice

Lesson.6 Natural Hazards – Understanding of Disaster Management in Practice

I. Choose the correct answer

1. _____________ is a event which causes enormous physical damage to property, loss of life and change in the environment.

1. Hazard
2. Disaster
3. Recovery
4. mitigation

Ans : Disaster

2. Activities that reduce the effects of disaster

1. Preparation
2. Response
3. Mitigation
4. Recovery

Ans : Mitigation

3. A sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth’s crust is called an _____________

1. Tsunami
2. Earthquake
3. Fire
4. Cyclone

Ans : Earthquake

4. A sudden overflow of water in a large amount caused due to heavy rainfall is called _____________

1. Flood
2. Cyclone
3. Drought
4. Seasons

Ans : Cyclone

5. Road accidents can be avoided by permitting the persons who have _____________ is allowed to drive vehicle

1. Ration card
2. License
3. permission
4. Documents

Ans : License

II. Fill in the Blanks.

1. A hazard is a _____________ event that can causes harm or damage to human and his property

Ans : disaster

2. Activities taken during a disaster is called _____________

Ans : response

3. Displacement of water can produce one or more huge destructive waves known as _____________

Ans : tsunami

4. In case of fire accidents call the nearby police station or the no _____________ for the fire service

Ans : 101

5. Disaster management refers to _____________ of lives and property during a natural or man-made disaster

Ans : conservation

III. Match the following

IV. Consider the following statement and tick the appropriate answer

1. Assertion (A) : In the modern world we can’t live happing everyday.

Reason (R) : Due to pollution and environmental degradation we are undergoing natural hazard and Disaster

1. A and R are correct and A explains R
2. A and R are correct but A does not explain R
3. A is not correct but R is correct
4. Both A and R are in correct

Ans : A and R are correct and A explains R

2. Assertion (A) : Sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth’s crust is called an Earthquake

Reason (R) : Movement of the tectonic plates, mass wasting, surface fault all leads to earthquake

1. A and R are correct and A explains R
2. A and R are correct but A does not explain R
3. A is in correct but R is correct
4. Both A and R are in correct

Ans : A and R are correct and A explains R

V. Answer the following briefly

1. Define Hazard.

A hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury, health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods, services, social and economic disruption or environmental damage.

2. What is disaster?

A disaster can be generally defined as “A serious disruption in the society causing widespread material, economic, social or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources”.

3. What are the six concepts of Disaster management cycle?

Preparation, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, Recovery and Development are the six Disaster management cycles.

4. Name any two agency which involves in warring system in Tamil Nadu.

• TNSDMA
• DDMA
• SDRF

5. Waite about any three effects of flood.’

Effects:

• Loss of life and property,
• Displacement of people and
• Spread of contagious diseases such as cholera and Malaria etc.,

6. Give any four Rail safety tips.

• Stay alert. Trains can come from either direction at any time
• Never sit on the edge of the Station Platform
• Cross the tracks safely.

7. Name any four different industry which goes under industrial disaster frequently.

1. Defense
2. Energy
3. Food
4. Mining.

VI. Distinguish between

Earthquake and Tsunami.

2. Flood and cyclone.

3. Hazard and disaster.

VII. Answer the following questions in detail

1. Write about disaster management cycle.

The six disaster management phases that have been used in the concept of disaster cycle are as follows;

Pre-Disaster phase:

Prevention and Mitigation:

• The term prevention is often used to embrace the wide diversity of measures to protect persons and property.
• Mitigation embraces all measures taken to reduce both the effects of the hazard itself and the vulnerable conditions to it in order to reduce the scale of a future disaster.
• Therefore, mitigation may incorporate addressing issues such as land ownership, tenancy rights, wealth distribution, implementation of earthquake resistant building codes, etc.

Preparedness:

• The process includes various measures that enable governments, communities and individuals to respond rapidly to disaster situations to cope with them effectively.
• Preparedness includes for example, the formulation of viable emergency plans, the development of warning systems, the maintenance of inventories, public awareness and education and the training of personnel.

Early Warning:

• This is the process of monitoring the situation in communities or areas known to be vulnerable to slow onset hazards, and passing the knowledge of the pending hazard to people harmless way.
• To be effective, warnings must be related to mass education and training of the population who know what actions they must take when warned.

The Disaster Impact:

• This refers to the “real-time event ofa hazard occurrence and affecting elements at risk.
• The duration of the event will depend on the type of threat; ground shaking may only occur in a matter of seconds during an earthquake while flooding may take place over a longer sustained period.

During Disaster Phase:

Response:

This refers to the first stage response to any calamity, which include for examples such as setting up control rooms, putting the contingency plan in action, issue warning, action for evacuation, taking people to safer areas, rendering medical aid to the needy etc., simultaneously rendering relief to the homeless, food, drinking water, clothing etc. to the needy, restoration of communication, disbursement of assistance in cash or kind.

The Post- Disaster Phase:

Recovery:

Recovery is used to describe the activities that encompass the three overlapping phases of emergency relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction.

Rehabilitation:

Rehabilitation includes the provision of temporary public utilities and housing as interim measures to assist long-term recovery.

Reconstruction:

Reconstruction attempts to return communities with improved pre-disaster functioning. It includes replacement of buildings; infrastructure and lifeline facilities so that long-term development prospects are enhanced rather than reproducing the same conditions, which made an area or population vulnerable in the first place.

Development:

In an evolving economy, the development process is an ongoing activity. Longterm prevention/disaster reduction measures. For examples like construction of embankments against flooding, irrigation facilities as drought proofing measures, increasing plant cover to reduce the occurrences of landslides, etc.

2. Write about flood its effects and the mitigation.

Flood:

Sudden overflow of water in a large amount caused due to heavy rainfall, cyclone, melting of snow, Tsunami or a dam burst.

Effects:

• Loss of life and property,
• Displacement of people and
• Spread of contagious diseases such as cholera and Malaria etc.,

Mitigation for flood:

They include flood walls / sea walls, flood gates, levees and evacuation routes. Non structural measures reduce damage by removing people and property out of risk areas. They induce elevated structures, property buyouts, permanent relocation, zoning, subdivision and building codes.

3. Write about any five general survival techniques.

General Survival Techniques:

• During the earthquake be under the table, chair, kneel to the floor and protect yourself: Go near a sturdy wall, sit on the floor and hold the floor strongly and protect yourself. Use only torch lights,
• During flood forecast, store up necessary things like first aid etc. Listen to the local Radio/TV for instructions. Cut off all the electrical supplies during flood and earthquake,
• In case of fire accidents call fire service (No.101)
• If clothes are on fire, “Don’t Run; Stop, Drop and Roll”
• Stay alert. Trains can come from either direction at any time,
• Never sit on the edge of the Station Platform,
• Cross the tracks safely.

4. Write about earthquake, its effects, and mitigation steps.

Earthquake:

A sudden movement (or) trembling of the earth crust is called as earthquake. The movement of the tectonic plates, mass wasting, landslides, surface fault, etc., causes earthquake.

Effects :

Due to a strong earthquake, loss of lives, buildings, roads, bridges and dams are damaged. Earthquake cause floods, tsunamis, landslides, fires, break down of water supply and electrical lines. It may change the course of a river too.

Mitigation steps:

• Construct Earthquake resistant building.
• Seek shelter under stable tables.
• Move to open areas.
• Secure your belonging.
• Put latches on cabinet doors and file cabinets.
• Store hazardous materials in a sturdy place.
• Keep fire extinguishers.

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