Lesson.2 Development of Industries in India
Lesson.2 Development of Industries in India
I. Choose the correct answer
1. Which of the following activities of the people will not come under handy craft?
- Carving statues out of stone
- Making bangles with glass
- Weaving silk sarees
- Smelting of iron
Ans : Smelting of iron
2. The oldest industry in India was industry.
- Textile
- Steel
- Electrical
- Fertilizers
Ans : Textile
3. The woollen and leather factories became prominent in
- Bombay
- Ahmadabad
- Kanpur
- Dacca
Ans : Kanpur
4. What was the aim of first Three Five year Plans of India?
- To control population growth
- To reduce illiteracy rate
- To built a strong industrial base
- To empower the women
Ans : To built a strong industrial base
5. What was not the reason for the decline of Indian Industries?
- Loss of royal patronage
- Competition of machine made goods
- Industrial policy of India
- Trading policy of British
Ans : Trading policy of British
II. Fill in the Blanks.
1. _________ was the integral part in the life of the people.
Ans : Crafts
2. Industrial revolution took place in _________.
Ans : 18th Century
3. The Assam Tea Company was founded in _________.
Ans : 1839
4. Jute industry was started in the Hoogly Valley at _________ near Calcutta.
Ans : Titagarh
5. __________ shortened the distance between Europe and India.
Ans: Suez Canal
III Match the following.
| 1. Tavernier | Drain Theory |
| 2. Dacca | Paper mill |
| 3. Dadabai Naoroji | Artisan |
| 4. Ballygunj | Muslin |
| 5. Smiths | French traveller |
| Ans : 1 – E, 2 – D, 3 – A, 4 – B, 5 – C | |
IV. State True or False
1. India was famous for cotton and silk cloths.
Ans : True
2. The railway was introduced in India by the British.
Ans : True
3. Steel was first manufactured by modern methods at Jamshedpur.
Ans : False
4. The industrial policy of 1948, brought mixed economy in industrial sector.
Ans : True
5. The tenth and eleventh five year plans witnessed a high growth rate of Agricultural production.
Ans : False
V. Consider the following statements and tick the appropriate answer
1. Which of the following statements are correct?
i) According to Edward Baines, ‘The birth place of cotton manufacture is in England’.
ii) Before mechanised industry handicrafts was the second largest source of employment in rural India.
iii) Saurashtra was known for tin industry.
iv) Construction of Suez Canal made the British goods cheaper in India.
- i and ii are correct
- ii and iv are correct
- iii and iv are correct
- i, ii and iii are correct
Ans : b) ii and iv are correct
2. Assertion (A) : Indian handicrafts collapsed under the colonial rule.
Reason (R) : British made India as the producer of raw materials and markets for their finished products.
- A is correct R is correct explanation of A
- A is correct and R is not the correct explanation of A
- Both A and R is correct
- Both A and R is wrong
Ans : A is correct R is correct explanation of A
3. Which one of the following is wrongly matched?
- Bernier – Shajahan
- Cotton mill – Ahmadabad
- TISCO – Jamshedpur
- Economic Liberalisation – 1980
Ans : Economic Liberalisation – 1980
VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences
1. What are the traditional handicrafs industries of India?
The traditional handicrafts industries of India are textiles, woodwork, ivory, stone cutting, leather, metal work and jewellery.
2. Write about the drain theory.
Dadabai Naoroji was the first to acknowledge that the poverty of Indian people was due to the British exploitation of India’s resources and the drain of India’s wealth to Britain.
3. Name the inventions which made the production of textiles on large scale?
Inventions of Cottongin, flying shuttle, spinning jenny and steam engine in England led to the production of textiles on large scale.
4. Write a short note on Confederation of Indian Industry?
- The Confederation of Indian Industry is a business association in India.
- It is a non-government, not-for-profit, industry-led and industry-managed organisation.
- It was founded in 1985.
- It has over 9,000 members form the private as well as public sectors.
5. What is de-industrialisation?
The process of disruption of traditional Indian crafts and decline in national income has been referred to as de-industrialisation.
VII. Answer the following
1. How was the trading policy of British caused for the decline of the Indian Industries?
- Free trade policy followed by the East India Company compelled the Indian traders to sell their goods below the market prices.
- This made many craftsmen to leave their talents.
- East India Company’s aim was to buy the maximum quantity of goods at the cheapest prices and sell them at a huge profit to other European Countries.
- This affected the Indian industry.
- Heavy duties were charged on Indian goods in Britain but English goods entering into India were charged only nominal duties.
- Thus its trading policy affected the Indian Industries
2. Write in detail about the plantation industries?
- The plantation industry was the first to attract the Europeans.
- The plantation industry could provide jobs on a large scale, and could meet the increasing demands for tea, coffee and indigo by the British.
- The Assam Tea Company was founded in 1839.
- As the tea plantation was the most important industry of Eastern India, coffee plantation became the centre of activities in South India.
- The third important plantation was jute. All these were controlled by employees of the British East India Company.
3. Explain Industrial development afer 1991 reforms
- The year 1991 was the era of economic liberalisation.
- The Tenth and Eleventh Five-Year Plans made a high growth rate of industrial production.
- The abolition of industrial licensing, dismantling of price controls, dilution of reservation of small-scale industries enabled Indian industry to flourish.
- The new policy welcomes foreign investments.
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