9th Std Social Science Term 1 Solution | Lesson.9 Election, Political Parties and Pressure Groups

Lesson.9 Election, Political Parties and Pressure Groups

Lesson.9 Election, Political Parties and Pressure Groups

I. Choose the correct answer

1. India has adapted the electoral system followed in the ……………

1. USA
2. United Kingdom
3. Canada
4. Russia

Ans : b) United Kingdom

2. The Election Commission of India is a/ an ……………

1. Independent body
2. Statutory body
3. Private body
4. Public corporation

Ans : a) Independent body

3. Which Article of the Constitution provides for an Election Commission?

1. Article 280
2. Article 315
3. Article 324
4. Article 325

Ans : c) Article 324

4. Which part of the constitution of India says about the election commission?

1. Part III
2. Part XV
3. Part XX
4. Part XXII

Ans: b) Part XV

5. Who accords recognition to various political parties as national or regional parties?

1. The President
2. The Election Commission
3. The Parliament
4. The President in consultation with the Election Commission

Ans : b) The Election Commission

6. Assertion (A) : Indian Constitution provides for an independent Election Commission

Reason (R) : To ensure free and fair elections in the country.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A)
3. (A) is correct and (R) is false
4. (A) is false and (R) is true

Ans : a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

7. NOTA was introduced in the year

1. 2012
2. 2013
3. 2014
4. 2015

Ans : c) 2014

8. The term pressure groups originated in …………….

1. USA
2. UK
3. USSR
4. India

Ans : a) USA

9. Assertion (A) : A large number of pressure groups exist in India.

Reason (R) : Pressure Groups are not developed in India to the same extent as in the USA.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A)
3. (A) is correct and (R) is false
4. (A) is false and (R) is true

Ans : a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. The Election Commission of India is a body of ………… members.

Ans : Three

2. National Voters day has been celebrated on …………

Ans : 25th January

3. In India ………… party system is followed.

Ans : Multi

4. In 2017, there were ………… recognised national parties.

Ans : Seven

5. Narmada Bachao Andolan is a …………

Ans : Pressure Group

III. Match the following

IV. Give short answers:

1. Explain the electoral system in India.

The electoral system in India has been adapted from the system followed in the United Kingdom.

• Article 324 of the Constitution provides for an independent Election commission in order to ensure free and fair elections in the country.
• The Parliament may make provisions with respect to all maters relating to elections to the Parliament.

2. Give the meaning of a political party.

• A political party is an organisation formed by a group of people with a certain ideology and agenda to contest elections and hold power in the government.
• A political party has three components. They are a leader, active members and the followers.

3. Distinguish between two-party system and the multi-party system.

4. What is a pressure group?

• The term ‘Pressure Group’ originated in the USA. A pressure group is a group of people who are organised actively for promoting and defending their common interest.
• The pressure groups are also called ‘Interest Groups’ or ‘Vested Groups’. They are different from the political parties in that they neither contest election not try to capture political power.

V. Answer in detail:

1. Discuss merits and demerits of direct elections?

Merits of Direct election:

• Direct elections are considered to be a more democratic method of election.
• It educates people regarding the government activities and helps in choosing the appropriate candidates
• It also encourages people to play an active role in politics.
• It empowers people and makes the rulers accountable for their actions.

Demerits of Direct election:

• Direct elections are very expensive.
• Illiterate voters sometimes get misguided by false propaganda.
• Ensuring free and fair elections at every polling station is a major challenge to the Election Commission.
• There are instances of some political candidates influencing the voters through payments in the form of cash, goods or services.
• Election campaigns sometimes results in violence, tension, law and order problems and affects the day-to-day life of the people.

2. What are the functions of political parties?

• Parties contest elections. In most democracies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates nominated by political parties.
• Parties put forward their policies and programmes before the electorate to consider and choose.
• Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country. Formally, laws are debated and passed in the legislature.
• Parties form and run the governments.
• The parties that failed to secure majority in the elections play the role of Opposition Party. They criticise the government and ruling party for its failures or wrong policies.
• Parties shape public opinion. They raise and highlight issues of importance.
• Parties function as the useful link between people and the government machinery

3. What are the functions of Pressure groups in India?

Political Participation

• Pressure groups can be called the informal face of politics. Tey exert infuence precisely by mobilising popular support through activities such as petitions, marches, demonstrations and other forms of political protest.
• Such forms of political participation have been particularly attractive to young people.

Education

• Many pressure groups devote significant resources by carrying out research, maintaining websites, commenting on government policy and using high-profile academics, scientists and even celebrities to get their views across, with an emphasis to cultivate expert authority.

Policy Formulation

• Though the pressure groups themselves are not policy-makers, yet it does not prevent many of them from participating in the policy-making process.
• Many pressure groups are vital sources of information and render advice to the government and therefore they are regularly consulted in the process of policy formulation.

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